馬上就要考試了，讓大家背的2300個(gè)核心詞匯記得怎么樣了？當(dāng)然，如果在考場(chǎng)上忘了也要有對(duì)策：生詞如果不影響做題就直接跳過(guò)，如果影響做題的話就教大家下面幾種方法去推測(cè)！大家趕快都來(lái)過(guò)一遍！
1.詞根詞綴
用詞根、前綴、后綴推斷生詞的含義、詞性或情感方向。
倘若你在完型中遇到這兩道題：
①anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime...Can privacy be preserved while bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasinglylawless ?（-less是否定后綴，表示沒(méi)有什么什么的，此處表示沒(méi)有法律的、無(wú)法無(wú)天的，與上文的crime對(duì)應(yīng)）
②Such visions are based on the downsides of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.（downsides是合成詞，down表示負(fù)面方向，sides是方面，因此該詞的意思是不利方面。）
下面給大家整理最常用的一些詞根、后綴及前綴：
| 屬性 | 特征 | 含義 | 舉例 |
| 詞根 | flect, flex | 彈性 | reflect/flexible 反映、回想/柔軟的、靈活的 |
| part | 部分 | party/participate 派對(duì)、黨派/參加 | |
| pict | 畫(huà) | depict/picture 描述/圖片 | |
| scribe | 寫(xiě) | describe/subscribe 描述/訂閱 | |
| sequent | 順序 | subsequent/consequence 隨之而來(lái)的/結(jié)果 | |
| graph | 圖畫(huà) | photograph/telegraph 照片/電報(bào) | |
| pose | 擺放 | expose/compose/impose 暴露、使接觸/組成/施加 | |
| struct | 結(jié)構(gòu) | construct/infrastructure 建造/基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 | |
| rupt | 斷裂 | disrupt/interrupt/bankrupt/erupt 破壞/中斷/破產(chǎn)/噴發(fā) |
| 屬性 | 特征 | 含義 | 舉例 |
| 后綴 | -ee | 人的職業(yè)（被動(dòng)） | employee/trainee 雇員/培訓(xùn)生 |
| -er/or/ist | 人的職業(yè)（主動(dòng)） | employer//instructor/specialist 雇主/導(dǎo)師/專(zhuān)家 | |
| -ment/ion/ness/ance | 名詞 | encouragement/adaptation/ willingness/importance 鼓勵(lì)/適應(yīng)/意愿/重要性 | |
| -ous/al/ble/ful | 形容詞 | anxious/critical/ responsible/grateful 焦慮的/批判的/ 負(fù)責(zé)的/感恩的 | |
| -ly | 副詞 | fortunately/undoubtedly 幸運(yùn)地/毋庸置疑地 |
| 屬性 | 特征 | 含義 | 舉例 |
| 前綴 | pre- | 之前 | preview/precondition 預(yù)習(xí)/先決條件 |
| post- | 之后 | post-postwar/postgraduate 戰(zhàn)后/研究生 | |
| im/in- | 向內(nèi) | import/invasion 進(jìn)口/侵略 | |
| out- | 向外 | outside/outbreak 外部的/爆發(fā) | |
| super- | 上 | supermarket/superficial 超市/膚淺的 | |
| re- | 再次 | review/reunion 回顧/重聚 |
2.根據(jù)邏輯連接詞推測(cè)
比如在閱讀中遇到這道題：
Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, as well as a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms.
Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help__C foster a child’s moral development.
（即使句中有許多生詞，僅根據(jù)句中的邏輯聯(lián)系詞unlike、such as、and、as well as，我們可以得出：sadness、fear和anger同類(lèi)都屬于emotion，a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms和前文的later一致，即可整理出句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：不像......guilt later，child’s moral norms也是）
| 邏輯關(guān)系 | 連接詞 |
| 對(duì)立 | but / however / yet / nevertheless / nonetheless（然而，但是）； Although / Though / while / despite / in spite of / even though / even if（盡管）； instead / rather than / while / whereas / unlike / on the contrary / by contrast / 比較句（than）前后 |
| 并列 | and / also / similarly / likewise / meanwhile / as well as / either…or.../ neither…nor… |
| 因果 | because / for / as / since / duo to / owing to / in that / now that / as a result of（因?yàn)椋? so / thus / therefore / hence / as a result / lead to（所以） |
| 舉例 | for example / for instance / such as |
| 遞進(jìn) | not only...but(also)..., what's more, moreover, furthermore, more importantly, what's worse, worse still, besides, in addition 比較級(jí) |
| 總結(jié) | Overall, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, in conclusion, on the whole, in a word, in short, briefly, all in all |
3.根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)
比如翻譯里的一句話：
“I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. ”
雙引號(hào)表明這是一段自述，在描述一個(gè)具體的情景。
① 如果不認(rèn)識(shí)anxiety，可先放，根據(jù)后文提到的“我沒(méi)有錢(qián)，我需要工作”，表明這是一個(gè)負(fù)向詞，那么可以盡量翻成“難過(guò)/不安/焦慮/有壓力”等。
② 如果不認(rèn)識(shí)stare 和 ceiling，可根據(jù)介詞at表明在某物上、對(duì)著某物。根據(jù)前文，“我在半夜醒來(lái)”，可推斷，只能對(duì)著天花板看。
4.根據(jù)介詞推測(cè)
比如在完型中遇到這樣的題：
Weighing every other week allows me to observe and _____ any significant weight changes. A approve of B hold onto C account for D depend on
（該題屬于完型中的短語(yǔ)考察，即使不知道選項(xiàng)短語(yǔ)的意思，根據(jù)介詞也可推出：of表示從屬、.....的，onto表示在......上，for引導(dǎo)因果，on表示....之上。and表示前后并列，and前說(shuō)明weighing 讓我去observe，后文也一定表示weighing的作用，所以解釋changes改變的原因，選C。）
5.機(jī)智飄過(guò)
在翻譯里如果遇到一個(gè)必須翻譯且無(wú)法根據(jù)上下文推斷的題目，比如：
He ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well.
實(shí)在不知道astronaut的意思的時(shí)候，就這樣翻使句子盡量通順：他選了一個(gè)職業(yè)，但很快加了“科學(xué)家”到列表中并也選了它。
